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Many locations on the body are possible for subcutaneous injections, like the abdomen, thighs, or upper arms
ERK is mainly implicated in cell proliferation and Rac1 in cell migration, while p38 MAPK and JNK are involved in differentiation and apoptosis
The molecule is small enough to cross the epidermal barrier to some degree, but reaching fibroblasts in the mid-to-deep dermis where the structural work happens requires either injection or a delivery mechanism that bypasses the barrier
Drug shortages: Addressing a global problem
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