Excessive concentrations of glutamate can have detrimental effects on the central nervous system, as hyperexcitability can damage neurons or cause them to die (Cleveland Clinic, 2025)
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PART USED Leaves and stem CHEMICAL COMPOSITION & STRUCTURE Phenethylamines Alkaloids, including nicotine, nornicotine, anhalamine, anhalidine (N- Methylanhalamine), anhalonidine, peyophorine, pipecolamide, p- hydroxypipecolamide, 1,4-benzenediamine, 4-methyl-2-pyridinamine
47 Pain appears to mediate sexual dysfunction and its associated effects on QoL
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doi:10.1002/mc.20741, PMID: 21319226 Yue P, Zhou Z, Khuri FR, Sun SY (2006) Depletion of intracellular glutathione contributes to JNK-mediated death receptor 5 upregulation and apoptosis induction by the novel synthetic triterpenoid methyl-2-cyano-3, 12-dioxooleana-1, 9-dien-28-oate (CDDO-Me)