References: Iossa S, Mollica MP, Lionetti L, et al
Upon initiating treatment, consider reduce dose of concomitant insulin secretagogue or insulin
Critical limitations include: Heterogeneity : Different strains, doses, and formulations make comparisons difficult Small effect sizes : Weight changes are typically modest and may not be clinically significant Short duration : Most studies last 12 weeks or less, providing no data on sustained effects Publication bias : Negative studies may be underreported There is no high-quality evidence that probiotic supplements can replicate the substantial weight loss achieved with prescription medications like semaglutide or tirzepatide
Trial populations, dosing schedules, inclusion criteria, and endpoint definitions differ between studies
Expect future court challenges
Refrigeration is optional at every stage, and putting the vial in the fridge does not extend that window