Both carry a boxed warning about thyroid C-cell tumours based on rodent studies
doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2010.12.004 11 OuyangWBeckettOMaQPaikJHDePinhoRALiMO
One study suggests that the decrease in vagal signaling seen with HFD feeding is due to upregulation of K+ channels in the nodose ganglia, increasing hyperpolarization of VANs 67 , while other studies have implicated changes in the gut microbiota as a contributor to vagal afferent desensitization during HFD feeding (see the Gut microbiotabrain connection section)
The injection of GLP-1s is a subcutaneous injection, meaning it needs to stay within the fatty tissue and not in muscle tissue
Make sure the area is clean to reduce the risk of infection
After a recovery period of 14 days postsurgery, the mice received either intraplantar or intraperitoneal administration (20 or 200 L, respectively) of vehicle, exendin 939, or exendin 2029