A 2025 University of Virginia study concluded that while GLP-1 drugs significantly reduce body weight and adiposity, they do so "with no clear evidence of cardiorespiratory fitness enhancement"a critical finding given that cardiorespiratory fitness is among the most potent predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality [48]
The near-absence of those effects in patch users is itself evidence that nothing pharmacological is happening
TRPV1 antagonists that cause hypothermia, instead of hyperthermia, in rodents: compounds pharmacological profiles, in vivo targets, thermoeffectors recruited and implications for drug development
2018, pp
It has also shown promise in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, contributing to overall mental health
Carnitine supplementation may be needed especially for vegetarian diets, or when dark meats are consumed in small amounts, because neither preformed carnitine nor its precursor amino acids are ingested in adequate amounts to support optimal health