Despite it being known for nearly 50 years now, many institutions appear to be oblivious of the absolute need for functional vitamin B2 to maintain the activity of vitamin B12, without this the vitamin B12 rapidly becomes inactive, and attempts to resolve vitamin B12 deficiency will be unsuccessful
The result is MOTS-c operating under NAD+ limitation during its peak activity window, and 5-Amino-1MQ replenishing NAD+ after MOTS-c has already cleared plasma
It can render your medication completely useless, waste hundreds of dollars, and potentially introduce safety risks from bacterial contamination or degraded compounds
How long does a NAD+ session take
In other words, pills can take longer to raise B12 levels, so if you need a quick boost, injections are the better choice
MOTS-c modulates the FOXO transcription factors and regulates cellular senescence, the state in which aged or damaged cells stop dividing but refuse to die, instead secreting a cocktail of inflammatory signals known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)