These types of inhibitors, with respect of their mode of actions, can be divided into two categories: those blocking a single virulence factor and those blocking global bacterial processes involved in pathogen virulence, such as the two-component system, the quorum sensing system, secretion systems, or post-translational protein modifications (Duncan et al
Understanding this research helps researchers design effective protocols
At higher doses, the math simplifies
doi:10.1016/j.bone.2005.04.017
Local injection may provide higher concentration at the target site
Some of the peptides reviewed here are banned in Olympic sport but not yet in professional sport, or only in one league but not another showing the challenges these peptides present to anti-doping administrators and sports leagues