10.1038/415096a 12 FengY.FanJ.LinX.YangJ.CuiQ.TangX.et al (2017)
Yousefi, S., Mihalache, C., Kozlowski, E., Schmid, I
News Release February 03, 2017 ConsumerLab.com Shows How Much Choline is Really in Supplements -- ConsumerLab.com Tests Phosphatidylcholine (From Soy Lecithin), Citicoline, Alpha-GPC and Other Choline-Containing Supplements, Identifying Top Picks White Plains, New York, February 3, 2017 Choline is an essential nutrient important for liver and brain function
Highly purified water (typically water for injection, which has undergone multiple distillation or reverse osmosis) is mixed with a precisely measured amount of benzyl alcohol so that the resulting concentration is exactly 0.9% (weight/volume)
Total cellular extracts (200 g of protein) were incubated with an anti-IKK- antibody (1 g/mL) in IP buffer overnight at 4 C on a rocker
Repeat every 23 months in severely deficient areas, or every 56 months where deficiency is mild