Most patients who are lacking B12 experience decreased energy and lower metabolism, making it problematic to stay on track with a diet or fitness regimen
Digestive upset: Some patients report nausea, diarrhea, or stomach upset following injections
WARNING: KEEP THIS AND ALL MEDICATION OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN
The PNPLA3 variant associated with fatty liver disease (I148M) accumulates on lipid droplets by evading ubiquitylation
Hydroxocobalamin, the form most commonly used in the UK, may cause: Injection site reactions (pain, redness, or swelling) Temporary reddish discolouration of urine Rarely, hypersensitivity reactions Very rarely, hypokalaemia in severely deficient patients when treatment is initiated (potassium levels should be monitored in severe deficiency) B12 injections are considered very safe, with no upper tolerable limit established, as excess B12 is excreted in urine
2 studies scored seven, indicating medium-quality studies with low risk of bias