GLP-1R agonism produces: Glucose-dependent insulin secretion (insulin released only when glucose is elevated) Suppression of glucagon secretion Delayed gastric emptying (contributing to satiety) Reduced appetite via central nervous system signalling in hypothalamic nuclei Potential cardiovascular protection (observed in clinical trials of GLP-1 agonist drugs) This receptor is the foundation of the entire GLP drug class, from exenatide to semaglutide
Study-related adverse events The adverse events most commonly reported in 5% of adult patients treated with Victoza 1.8 mg vs Januvia 100 mg, both in combination with metformin, were nausea (21.8% vs 7.8%), diarrhea (16.3% vs 9.3%), decreased appetite (8.9% vs 3.4%), vomiting (7.4% vs 4.9%), headache (6.4% vs 5.9%), nasopharyngitis (5.9% vs 3.4%), and increased lipase (5.5% vs 4.4%)
Weight loss during oligofructose supplementation is associated with decreased ghrelin and increased peptide YY in overweight and obese adults
Mild burning or tingling under the tongue is normal and indicates the medication is in contact with the mucosal tissue
5.5 Resveratrol and ASD Resveratrol (commonly sourced from Vitis vinifera L (Vitaceae), skin/seed or Reynoutria japonica Houtt (Polygonaceae), root), an important representative of the polyphenols, can stimulate mitochondrial activity inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction which is typical of ASD patients (Jardim et al., 2018)
Niess AM, Fehrenbach E, Strobel G, et al