GLP-1s for PCOS: What the Evidence Actually Shows in 2026
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CYP1A1 metabolism of estrogen, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and more CYP1A2 metabolism of caffeine, duloxetine, bupropion, aflatoxin B, and more CYP2A6 metabolism of nicotine, coumarin, and more CYP2B6 metabolism of ketamine, methadone, sertraline, and more CYP2C9 metabolism of warfarin, rosuvastatin, celecoxib, and more CYP2C19 metabolism of clopidogrel, some proton pump inhibitors, more CYP2D6 metabolism of some antidepressants, antipsychotics, more CYP3A4 metabolism of half of all prescription drugs CYP2E1 metabolism of fatty acids, alcohol, and some anesthetics Phase II detoxification genes: UGT, GST, Nrf2 Phase II detoxification involves taking the metabolites of phase I and modifying them to be easily excreted through conjugation with sulfur, glutathione, glucuronic acid, amino acids, or methyl groups

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in PCOS Management GLP-1 receptor agonists have emerged as a promising option in PCOS treatment, thanks to their ability to mimic natural hormones and address key issues like weight management, insulin resistance, and hormonal imbalances
doi: 10.1056/NEJMsr1809937 26 Amorim Moreira AlvesGTeranishiMTeixeira de Castro Gonalves OrtegaACJamesFPerera Molligoda ArachchigeAS
While semaglutide can be a life-changing tool and is generally considered safe and effective when taken as prescribed, side effects like nausea and upset stomach are common in the beginning