In arthritis studies, a hydroalcoholic extract of Moringa flowers significantly reduced the levels of rheumatoid factor, TNF-, and IL-1 in arthritic rats, suggesting its effectiveness in arthritis treatment (Mahajan and Mehta 2009)
Some patients find that liquid protein sources (shakes, smoothies) are better tolerated than solid foods when nausea or early satiety is prominent
However, although the preclinical studies cited above point toward potential metabolic effects of SDF-1, it is unknown whether there are any physiological or pharmacological consequences of DPP-4-mediated cleavage of SDF-1 for metabolic control in humans
How this page fits into your learning My Health Explained is designed to help you understand diabetes over time, not all at once
Pedersen M, Viros A, Cook M, Marais R
Nat Rev Microbiol 2021;19:14154 2